Source code for implementations.problem_classes.boussinesq_helpers.standard_integrators

import math
from decimal import Decimal, getcontext

import numpy as np
import scipy.sparse as sp
from scipy.sparse.linalg import gmres

from pySDC.implementations.problem_classes.Boussinesq_2D_FD_imex import boussinesq_2d_imex
from pySDC.implementations.problem_classes.boussinesq_helpers.helper_classes import logging, Callback


#
# Runge-Kutta IMEX methods of order 1 to 3
#
[docs] class rk_imex: def __init__(self, problem, order): assert order in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "Order must be between 1 and 5" self.order = order if self.order == 1: self.A = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]) self.A_hat = np.array([[0, 0], [1, 0]]) self.b = np.array([0, 1]) self.b_hat = np.array([1, 0]) self.nstages = 2 elif self.order == 2: self.A = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 0.5]]) self.A_hat = np.array([[0, 0], [0.5, 0]]) self.b = np.array([0, 1]) self.b_hat = np.array([0, 1]) self.nstages = 2 elif self.order == 3: # parameter from Pareschi and Russo, J. Sci. Comp. 2005 alpha = 0.24169426078821 beta = 0.06042356519705 eta = 0.12915286960590 self.A_hat = np.array([[0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1.0, 0, 0], [0, 1.0 / 4.0, 1.0 / 4.0, 0]]) self.A = np.array( [ [alpha, 0, 0, 0], [-alpha, alpha, 0, 0], [0, 1.0 - alpha, alpha, 0], [beta, eta, 0.5 - beta - eta - alpha, alpha], ] ) self.b_hat = np.array([0, 1.0 / 6.0, 1.0 / 6.0, 2.0 / 3.0]) self.b = self.b_hat self.nstages = 4 elif self.order == 4: self.A_hat = np.array( [ [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1.0 / 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [13861.0 / 62500.0, 6889.0 / 62500.0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [ -116923316275.0 / 2393684061468.0, -2731218467317.0 / 15368042101831.0, 9408046702089.0 / 11113171139209.0, 0, 0, 0, ], [ -451086348788.0 / 2902428689909.0, -2682348792572.0 / 7519795681897.0, 12662868775082.0 / 11960479115383.0, 3355817975965.0 / 11060851509271.0, 0, 0, ], [ 647845179188.0 / 3216320057751.0, 73281519250.0 / 8382639484533.0, 552539513391.0 / 3454668386233.0, 3354512671639.0 / 8306763924573.0, 4040.0 / 17871.0, 0, ], ] ) self.A = np.array( [ [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1.0 / 4, 1.0 / 4, 0, 0, 0, 0], [8611.0 / 62500.0, -1743.0 / 31250.0, 1.0 / 4, 0, 0, 0], [5012029.0 / 34652500.0, -654441.0 / 2922500.0, 174375.0 / 388108.0, 1.0 / 4, 0, 0], [ 15267082809.0 / 155376265600.0, -71443401.0 / 120774400.0, 730878875.0 / 902184768.0, 2285395.0 / 8070912.0, 1.0 / 4, 0, ], [82889.0 / 524892.0, 0, 15625.0 / 83664.0, 69875.0 / 102672.0, -2260.0 / 8211, 1.0 / 4], ] ) self.b = np.array([82889.0 / 524892.0, 0, 15625.0 / 83664.0, 69875.0 / 102672.0, -2260.0 / 8211, 1.0 / 4]) self.b_hat = np.array( [ 4586570599.0 / 29645900160.0, 0, 178811875.0 / 945068544.0, 814220225.0 / 1159782912.0, -3700637.0 / 11593932.0, 61727.0 / 225920.0, ] ) self.nstages = 6 elif self.order == 5: # from Kennedy and Carpenter # copied from http://www.mcs.anl.gov/petsc/petsc-3.2/src/ts/impls/arkimex/arkimex.c self.A_hat = np.zeros((8, 8)) getcontext().prec = 56 self.A_hat[1, 0] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(100.0) self.A_hat[2, 0] = Decimal(367902744464.0) / Decimal(2072280473677.0) self.A_hat[2, 1] = Decimal(677623207551.0) / Decimal(8224143866563.0) self.A_hat[3, 0] = Decimal(1268023523408.0) / Decimal(10340822734521.0) self.A_hat[3, 1] = 0.0 self.A_hat[3, 2] = Decimal(1029933939417.0) / Decimal(13636558850479.0) self.A_hat[4, 0] = Decimal(14463281900351.0) / Decimal(6315353703477.0) self.A_hat[4, 1] = 0.0 self.A_hat[4, 2] = Decimal(66114435211212.0) / Decimal(5879490589093.0) self.A_hat[4, 3] = Decimal(-54053170152839.0) / Decimal(4284798021562.0) self.A_hat[5, 0] = Decimal(14090043504691.0) / Decimal(34967701212078.0) self.A_hat[5, 1] = 0.0 self.A_hat[5, 2] = Decimal(15191511035443.0) / Decimal(11219624916014.0) self.A_hat[5, 3] = Decimal(-18461159152457.0) / Decimal(12425892160975.0) self.A_hat[5, 4] = Decimal(-281667163811.0) / Decimal(9011619295870.0) self.A_hat[6, 0] = Decimal(19230459214898.0) / Decimal(13134317526959.0) self.A_hat[6, 1] = 0.0 self.A_hat[6, 2] = Decimal(21275331358303.0) / Decimal(2942455364971.0) self.A_hat[6, 3] = Decimal(-38145345988419.0) / Decimal(4862620318723.0) self.A_hat[6, 4] = Decimal(-1.0) / Decimal(8.0) self.A_hat[6, 5] = Decimal(-1.0) / Decimal(8.0) self.A_hat[7, 0] = Decimal(-19977161125411.0) / Decimal(11928030595625.0) self.A_hat[7, 1] = 0.0 self.A_hat[7, 2] = Decimal(-40795976796054.0) / Decimal(6384907823539.0) self.A_hat[7, 3] = Decimal(177454434618887.0) / Decimal(12078138498510.0) self.A_hat[7, 4] = Decimal(782672205425.0) / Decimal(8267701900261.0) self.A_hat[7, 5] = Decimal(-69563011059811.0) / Decimal(9646580694205.0) self.A_hat[7, 6] = Decimal(7356628210526.0) / Decimal(4942186776405.0) self.b_hat = np.zeros(8) self.b_hat[0] = Decimal(-872700587467.0) / Decimal(9133579230613.0) self.b_hat[1] = 0.0 self.b_hat[2] = 0.0 self.b_hat[3] = Decimal(22348218063261.0) / Decimal(9555858737531.0) self.b_hat[4] = Decimal(-1143369518992.0) / Decimal(8141816002931.0) self.b_hat[5] = Decimal(-39379526789629.0) / Decimal(19018526304540.0) self.b_hat[6] = Decimal(32727382324388.0) / Decimal(42900044865799.0) self.b_hat[7] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A = np.zeros((8, 8)) self.A[1, 0] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A[1, 1] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A[2, 0] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(400.0) self.A[2, 1] = Decimal(-567603406766.0) / Decimal(11931857230679.0) self.A[2, 2] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A[3, 0] = Decimal(683785636431.0) / Decimal(9252920307686.0) self.A[3, 1] = 0.0 self.A[3, 2] = Decimal(-110385047103.0) / Decimal(1367015193373.0) self.A[3, 3] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A[4, 0] = Decimal(3016520224154.0) / Decimal(10081342136671.0) self.A[4, 1] = 0.0 self.A[4, 2] = Decimal(30586259806659.0) / Decimal(12414158314087.0) self.A[4, 3] = Decimal(-22760509404356.0) / Decimal(11113319521817.0) self.A[4, 4] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A[5, 0] = Decimal(218866479029.0) / Decimal(1489978393911.0) self.A[5, 1] = 0.0 self.A[5, 2] = Decimal(638256894668.0) / Decimal(5436446318841.0) self.A[5, 3] = Decimal(-1179710474555.0) / Decimal(5321154724896.0) self.A[5, 4] = Decimal(-60928119172.0) / Decimal(8023461067671.0) self.A[5, 5] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A[6, 0] = Decimal(1020004230633.0) / Decimal(5715676835656.0) self.A[6, 1] = 0.0 self.A[6, 2] = Decimal(25762820946817.0) / Decimal(25263940353407.0) self.A[6, 3] = Decimal(-2161375909145.0) / Decimal(9755907335909.0) self.A[6, 4] = Decimal(-211217309593.0) / Decimal(5846859502534.0) self.A[6, 5] = Decimal(-4269925059573.0) / Decimal(7827059040749.0) self.A[6, 6] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.A[7, 0] = Decimal(-872700587467.0) / Decimal(9133579230613.0) self.A[7, 1] = 0.0 self.A[7, 2] = 0.0 self.A[7, 3] = Decimal(22348218063261.0) / Decimal(9555858737531.0) self.A[7, 4] = Decimal(-1143369518992.0) / Decimal(8141816002931.0) self.A[7, 5] = Decimal(-39379526789629.0) / Decimal(19018526304540.0) self.A[7, 6] = Decimal(32727382324388.0) / Decimal(42900044865799.0) self.A[7, 7] = Decimal(41.0) / Decimal(200.0) self.b = np.zeros(8) self.b[0] = Decimal(-975461918565.0) / Decimal(9796059967033.0) self.b[1] = 0.0 self.b[2] = 0.0 self.b[3] = Decimal(78070527104295.0) / Decimal(32432590147079.0) self.b[4] = Decimal(-548382580838.0) / Decimal(3424219808633.0) self.b[5] = Decimal(-33438840321285.0) / Decimal(15594753105479.0) self.b[6] = Decimal(3629800801594.0) / Decimal(4656183773603.0) self.b[7] = Decimal(4035322873751.0) / Decimal(18575991585200.0) self.nstages = 8 self.problem = problem self.ndof = np.shape(problem.M)[0] self.logger = logging() self.stages = np.zeros((self.nstages, self.ndof))
[docs] def timestep(self, u0, dt): # Solve for stages for i in range(0, self.nstages): # Construct RHS rhs = np.copy(u0) for j in range(0, i): rhs += dt * self.A_hat[i, j] * (self.f_slow(self.stages[j, :])) + dt * self.A[i, j] * ( self.f_fast(self.stages[j, :]) ) # Solve for stage i if self.A[i, i] == 0: # Avoid call to spsolve with identity matrix self.stages[i, :] = np.copy(rhs) else: self.stages[i, :] = self.f_fast_solve(rhs, dt * self.A[i, i], u0) # Update for i in range(0, self.nstages): u0 += dt * self.b_hat[i] * (self.f_slow(self.stages[i, :])) + dt * self.b[i] * ( self.f_fast(self.stages[i, :]) ) return u0
[docs] def f_slow(self, u): return self.problem.D_upwind.dot(u)
[docs] def f_fast(self, u): return self.problem.M.dot(u)
[docs] def f_fast_solve(self, rhs, alpha, u0): cb = Callback() sol, info = gmres( self.problem.Id - alpha * self.problem.M, rhs, x0=u0, rtol=self.problem.params.gmres_tol_limit, restart=self.problem.params.gmres_restart, maxiter=self.problem.params.gmres_maxiter, atol=0, callback=cb, ) if alpha != 0.0: self.logger.add(cb.getcounter()) return sol
# # Trapezoidal rule #
[docs] class trapezoidal: def __init__(self, problem, alpha=0.5): assert isinstance(problem, boussinesq_2d_imex), "problem is wrong type of object" self.Ndof = np.shape(problem.M)[0] self.order = 2 self.logger = logging() self.problem = problem self.alpha = alpha
[docs] def timestep(self, u0, dt): B_trap = sp.eye(self.Ndof) + self.alpha * dt * (self.problem.D_upwind + self.problem.M) b = B_trap.dot(u0) return self.f_solve(b, alpha=(1.0 - self.alpha) * dt, u0=u0)
# # Returns f(u) = c*u #
[docs] def f(self, u): return self.problem.D_upwind.dot(u) + self.problem.M.dot(u)
# # Solves (Id - alpha*c)*u = b for u #
[docs] def f_solve(self, b, alpha, u0): cb = Callback() sol, info = gmres( self.problem.Id - alpha * (self.problem.D_upwind + self.problem.M), b, x0=u0, rtol=self.problem.params.gmres_tol_limit, restart=self.problem.params.gmres_restart, maxiter=self.problem.params.gmres_maxiter, atol=0, callback=cb, ) if alpha != 0.0: self.logger.add(cb.getcounter()) return sol
# # A BDF-2 implicit two-step method #
[docs] class bdf2: def __init__(self, problem): assert isinstance(problem, boussinesq_2d_imex), "problem is wrong type of object" self.Ndof = np.shape(problem.M)[0] self.order = 2 self.logger = logging() self.problem = problem
[docs] def firsttimestep(self, u0, dt): return self.f_solve(b=u0, alpha=dt, u0=u0)
[docs] def timestep(self, u0, um1, dt): b = (4.0 / 3.0) * u0 - (1.0 / 3.0) * um1 return self.f_solve(b=b, alpha=(2.0 / 3.0) * dt, u0=u0)
# # Returns f(u) = c*u #
[docs] def f(self, u): return self.problem.D_upwind.dot(u) + self.problem.M.dot(u)
# # Solves (Id - alpha*c)*u = b for u #
[docs] def f_solve(self, b, alpha, u0): cb = Callback() sol, info = gmres( self.problem.Id - alpha * (self.problem.D_upwind + self.problem.M), b, x0=u0, rtol=self.problem.params.gmres_tol_limit, restart=self.problem.params.gmres_restart, maxiter=self.problem.params.gmres_maxiter, atol=0, callback=cb, ) if alpha != 0.0: self.logger.add(cb.getcounter()) return sol
# # Split-Explicit method #
[docs] class SplitExplicit: def __init__(self, problem, method, pparams): assert isinstance(problem, boussinesq_2d_imex), "problem is wrong type of object" self.Ndof = np.shape(problem.M)[0] self.method = method self.logger = logging() self.problem = problem self.pparams = pparams self.NdofTher = 2 * problem.N[0] * problem.N[1] self.NdofMom = 2 * problem.N[0] * problem.N[1] self.ns = None # print("dx ",problem.h[0]) # print("dz ",problem.h[1]) assert self.method in ["MIS4_4", "RK3"], 'Method must be MIS4_4' if self.method == 'RK3': self.nstages = 3 self.aRunge = np.zeros((4, 4)) self.aRunge[0, 0] = 1.0 / 3.0 self.aRunge[1, 1] = 1.0 / 2.0 self.aRunge[2, 2] = 1.0 self.dRunge = np.zeros((4, 4)) self.gRunge = np.zeros((4, 4)) if self.method == 'MIS4_4': self.nstages = 4 self.aRunge = np.zeros((4, 4)) self.aRunge[0, 0] = 0.38758444641450318 self.aRunge[1, 0] = -2.5318448354142823e-002 self.aRunge[1, 1] = 0.38668943087310403 self.aRunge[2, 0] = 0.20899983523553325 self.aRunge[2, 1] = -0.45856648476371231 self.aRunge[2, 2] = 0.43423187573425748 self.aRunge[3, 0] = -0.10048822195663100 self.aRunge[3, 1] = -0.46186171956333327 self.aRunge[3, 2] = 0.83045062122462809 self.aRunge[3, 3] = 0.27014914900250392 self.dRunge = np.zeros((4, 4)) self.dRunge[1, 1] = 0.52349249922385610 self.dRunge[2, 1] = 1.1683374366893629 self.dRunge[2, 2] = -0.75762080241712637 self.dRunge[3, 1] = -3.6477233846797109e-002 self.dRunge[3, 2] = 0.56936148730740477 self.dRunge[3, 3] = 0.47746263002599681 self.gRunge = np.zeros((4, 4)) self.gRunge[1, 1] = 0.13145089796226542 self.gRunge[2, 1] = -0.36855857648747881 self.gRunge[2, 2] = 0.33159232636600550 self.gRunge[3, 1] = -6.5767130537473045e-002 self.gRunge[3, 2] = 4.0591093109036858e-002 self.gRunge[3, 3] = 6.4902111640806712e-002 self.dtRunge = np.zeros(self.nstages) for i in range(0, self.nstages): self.dtRunge[i] = 0 temp = 1.0 for j in range(0, i + 1): self.dtRunge[i] = self.dtRunge[i] + self.aRunge[i, j] temp = temp - self.dRunge[i, j] self.dRunge[i, 0] = temp for j in range(0, i + 1): self.aRunge[i, j] = self.aRunge[i, j] / self.dtRunge[i] self.gRunge[i, j] = self.gRunge[i, j] / self.dtRunge[i] self.U = np.zeros((self.Ndof, self.nstages + 1)) self.F = np.zeros((self.Ndof, self.nstages)) self.FSlow = np.zeros(self.Ndof) self.nsMin = 8 self.logger.nsmall = 0
[docs] def NumSmallTimeSteps(self, dx, dz, dt): cs = self.pparams['c_s'] ns = dt / (0.9 / np.sqrt(1 / (dx * dx) + 1 / (dz * dz)) / cs) ns = max(np.int(np.ceil(ns)), self.nsMin) return ns
[docs] def timestep(self, u0, dt): self.U[:, 0] = u0 self.ns = self.NumSmallTimeSteps(self.problem.h[0], self.problem.h[1], dt) for i in range(0, self.nstages): self.F[:, i] = self.f_slow(self.U[:, i]) self.FSlow[:] = 0.0 for j in range(0, i + 1): self.FSlow += self.aRunge[i, j] * self.F[:, j] + self.gRunge[i, j] / dt * (self.U[:, j] - u0) self.U[:, i + 1] = 0 for j in range(0, i + 1): self.U[:, i + 1] += self.dRunge[i, j] * self.U[:, j] nsLoc = np.int(np.ceil(self.ns * self.dtRunge[i])) self.logger.nsmall += nsLoc dtLoc = dt * self.dtRunge[i] dTau = dtLoc / nsLoc self.U[:, i + 1] = self.VerletLin(self.U[:, i + 1], self.FSlow, nsLoc, dTau) u0 = self.U[:, self.nstages] return u0
[docs] def VerletLin(self, u0, FSlow, ns, dTau): for _ in range(0, ns): u0[0 : self.NdofMom] += dTau * (self.f_fastMom(u0) + FSlow[0 : self.NdofMom]) u0[self.NdofMom : self.Ndof] += dTau * (self.f_fastTher(u0) + FSlow[self.NdofMom : self.Ndof]) return u0
[docs] def RK3Lin(self, u0, FSlow, ns, dTau): u = u0 for _ in range(0, ns): u = u0 + dTau / 3.0 * (self.f_fast(u) + FSlow) u = u0 + dTau / 2.0 * (self.f_fast(u) + FSlow) u = u0 + dTau * (self.f_fast(u) + FSlow) u0 = u return u0
[docs] def f_slow(self, u): return self.problem.D_upwind.dot(u)
[docs] def f_fast(self, u): return self.problem.M.dot(u)
[docs] def f_fastMom(self, u): return self.problem.M[0 : self.NdofMom, self.NdofMom : self.Ndof].dot(u[self.NdofMom : self.Ndof])
[docs] def f_fastTher(self, u): return self.problem.M[self.NdofMom : self.Ndof, 0 : self.NdofMom].dot(u[0 : self.NdofMom])
[docs] class dirk: def __init__(self, problem, order): assert isinstance(problem, boussinesq_2d_imex), "problem is wrong type of object" self.Ndof = np.shape(problem.M)[0] self.order = order self.logger = logging() self.problem = problem assert self.order in [2, 22, 3, 4, 5], 'Order must be 2,22,3,4' if self.order == 2: self.nstages = 1 self.A = np.zeros((1, 1)) self.A[0, 0] = 0.5 self.tau = [0.5] self.b = [1.0] if self.order == 22: self.nstages = 2 self.A = np.zeros((2, 2)) self.A[0, 0] = 1.0 / 3.0 self.A[1, 0] = 1.0 / 2.0 self.A[1, 1] = 1.0 / 2.0 self.tau = np.zeros(2) self.tau[0] = 1.0 / 3.0 self.tau[1] = 1.0 self.b = np.zeros(2) self.b[0] = 3.0 / 4.0 self.b[1] = 1.0 / 4.0 if self.order == 3: self.nstages = 2 self.A = np.zeros((2, 2)) self.A[0, 0] = 0.5 + 1.0 / (2.0 * math.sqrt(3.0)) self.A[1, 0] = -1.0 / math.sqrt(3.0) self.A[1, 1] = self.A[0, 0] self.tau = np.zeros(2) self.tau[0] = 0.5 + 1.0 / (2.0 * math.sqrt(3.0)) self.tau[1] = 0.5 - 1.0 / (2.0 * math.sqrt(3.0)) self.b = np.zeros(2) self.b[0] = 0.5 self.b[1] = 0.5 if self.order == 4: self.nstages = 3 alpha = 2.0 * math.cos(math.pi / 18.0) / math.sqrt(3.0) self.A = np.zeros((3, 3)) self.A[0, 0] = (1.0 + alpha) / 2.0 self.A[1, 0] = -alpha / 2.0 self.A[1, 1] = self.A[0, 0] self.A[2, 0] = 1.0 + alpha self.A[2, 1] = -(1.0 + 2.0 * alpha) self.A[2, 2] = self.A[0, 0] self.tau = np.zeros(3) self.tau[0] = (1.0 + alpha) / 2.0 self.tau[1] = 1.0 / 2.0 self.tau[2] = (1.0 - alpha) / 2.0 self.b = np.zeros(3) self.b[0] = 1.0 / (6.0 * alpha * alpha) self.b[1] = 1.0 - 1.0 / (3.0 * alpha * alpha) self.b[2] = 1.0 / (6.0 * alpha * alpha) if self.order == 5: self.nstages = 5 # From Kennedy, Carpenter "Diagonally Implicit Runge-Kutta Methods for Ordinary Differential Equations. # A Review" self.A = np.zeros((5, 5)) self.A[0, 0] = 4024571134387.0 / 14474071345096.0 self.A[1, 0] = 9365021263232.0 / 12572342979331.0 self.A[1, 1] = self.A[0, 0] self.A[2, 0] = 2144716224527.0 / 9320917548702.0 self.A[2, 1] = -397905335951.0 / 4008788611757.0 self.A[2, 2] = self.A[0, 0] self.A[3, 0] = -291541413000.0 / 6267936762551.0 self.A[3, 1] = 226761949132.0 / 4473940808273.0 self.A[3, 2] = -1282248297070.0 / 9697416712681.0 self.A[3, 3] = self.A[0, 0] self.A[4, 0] = -2481679516057.0 / 4626464057815.0 self.A[4, 1] = -197112422687.0 / 6604378783090.0 self.A[4, 2] = 3952887910906.0 / 9713059315593.0 self.A[4, 3] = 4906835613583.0 / 8134926921134.0 self.A[4, 4] = self.A[0, 0] self.b = np.zeros(5) self.b[0] = -2522702558582.0 / 12162329469185.0 self.b[1] = 1018267903655.0 / 12907234417901.0 self.b[2] = 4542392826351.0 / 13702606430957.0 self.b[3] = 5001116467727.0 / 12224457745473.0 self.b[4] = 1509636094297.0 / 3891594770934.0 self.stages = np.zeros((self.nstages, self.Ndof))
[docs] def timestep(self, u0, dt): uend = u0 for i in range(0, self.nstages): b = u0 # Compute right hand side for this stage's implicit step for j in range(0, i): b = b + self.A[i, j] * dt * self.f(self.stages[j, :]) # Implicit solve for current stage # if i==0: self.stages[i, :] = self.f_solve(b, dt * self.A[i, i], u0) # else: # self.stages[i,:] = self.f_solve( b, dt*self.A[i,i] , self.stages[i-1,:] ) # Add contribution of current stage to final value uend = uend + self.b[i] * dt * self.f(self.stages[i, :]) return uend
# # Returns f(u) = c*u #
[docs] def f(self, u): return self.problem.D_upwind.dot(u) + self.problem.M.dot(u)
# # Solves (Id - alpha*c)*u = b for u #
[docs] def f_solve(self, b, alpha, u0): cb = Callback() sol, info = gmres( self.problem.Id - alpha * (self.problem.D_upwind + self.problem.M), b, x0=u0, rtol=self.problem.params.gmres_tol_limit, restart=self.problem.params.gmres_restart, maxiter=self.problem.params.gmres_maxiter, atol=0, callback=cb, ) if alpha != 0.0: self.logger.add(cb.getcounter()) return sol